Glossary

The terms that came up most, and the ones I had to look up afterwards.

The terms that came up most often across the two days, plus the ones that needed looking up before they could be stated clearly. Taiwan-local projects and products get their own section, because they are usually not findable in English-language material. Each entry carries an official link where one exists; where none could be found, that is stated.

64 terms

1. Models and research

Transformer
The neural network architecture proposed in 2017 that underpins contemporary large language models

Heard in紀懷新, 吳柏翰, 林彥廷

seq2seq learning
Sequence-to-sequence learning; the turn that took machine translation from statistical phrase tables to neural networks

Heard in紀懷新

Chain of Thought
Having the model emit intermediate reasoning steps to improve its problem solving

Heard in紀懷新

LaMDA
Google's early conversational language model, whose line of work later became Bard and Gemini

Heard in紀懷新

Gemini
Google's current multimodal model family

Heard in紀懷新, 吳振和, 陳志信

Project Astra
Google DeepMind's research prototype for a universal AI assistant

Heard in紀懷新

Gemini Robotics
Extending Gemini's multimodal capability to robot control

Heard in紀懷新

Knowledge distillation
Using a large model's outputs to teach a small one, bringing the small model close to the large one's performance

Heard in吳柏翰

Test-time scaling
Spending more compute at inference for a better answer — sampling repeatedly, or reasoning for longer

Heard in吳柏翰, 林彥廷

Zero-shot
The model handles a task it was never trained on

Heard in紀懷新

System 1 / System 2
Borrowed from dual-process theory; maps onto intuitive versus deliberate reasoning tasks

Heard in紀懷新

Sycophancy
A model's tendency to trade accuracy for agreeing with the user

Heard in林彥廷

Rejection sampling
Sampling the same question repeatedly and keeping only the correct results as training data

Heard in林彥廷

2. Benchmarks and evaluation

MATH dataset
A hard mathematical problem-solving benchmark

Heard in林彥廷

GPQA
Graduate-level question answering, designed so the answers cannot be found with a search engine

Heard in林彥廷

SWE-bench
Benchmarks an AI's ability to resolve real software engineering issues

Heard in林彥廷

HealthBench
OpenAI's rubric-based benchmark for the medical domain

Heard in林彥廷

PaperBench
Benchmarks an AI's ability to reproduce academic papers

Heard in林彥廷

LM Arena
A head-to-head platform where users vote between two models' answers to produce a ranking

Heard in林彥廷

Preparedness Framework
OpenAI's framework for tracking model capability and risk

Heard in林彥廷

Rubric
A per-question list of scoring criteria, which lets a model act as the grader

Heard in林彥廷, 吳剛志

Eval-driven development
Building the evaluation mechanism before building the LLM application

Heard in吳剛志 (citing ihower)

Accuracy and coverage
Coverage is the share of questions the AI answers at all; accuracy is the share it gets right among those

Heard in吳剛志

3. Agents and protocols

Model Context Protocol (MCP)
An open protocol for connecting AI applications to external data and tools

Heard in張文鈿, 保哥, 黃仕鎮

MCP's three primitives: Tools / Resources / Prompts
Respectively callable tools, readable data, and reusable prompt templates

Heard in張文鈿

stdio and Streamable HTTP
MCP's two transports — the first between local processes, the second over the network

Heard in張文鈿

Sampling and Roots
In MCP, the server asking the client to run an inference, and declaring which root directories are reachable

Heard in張文鈿

Agent2Agent (A2A)
Google's proposed protocol for agent-to-agent interoperability, solving a different layer than MCP

Heard in張文鈿

Claude Computer Use
Letting a model drive the screen, mouse and keyboard directly

Heard inWisely Chen, Peggy Lo

Browser Use
An open-source browser automation framework that parses HTML structure as well as taking screenshots

Heard inWisely Chen

Human-in-the-loop
Keeping a human confirmation gate inside an automated flow

Heard inCaesar Chi, 保哥

Supervisor architecture
An arrangement where one upper-level agent assigns tasks to lower-level agents

Heard inCaesar Chi

4. Development tools

GitHub Copilot
GitHub's AI coding assistant; agent mode can edit across files and call external tools

Heard in林鉦育, 保哥

Claude Code
Anthropic's agentic coding tool

Heard in保哥

Cursor and Windsurf
Two editors built around AI

Heard inPeggy Lo, Vivi Chen, 張文鈿

n8n
An open-source workflow automation platform that can be self-hosted

Heard in高見龍, Vivi Chen

Dify
A visual development platform for agents and retrieval workflows

Heard in吳剛志, 張文鈿

Google Apps Script
The scripting platform attached to Google Sheets and Drive; the most common first automation entry point for non-engineers

Heard inPeggy Lo, Vivi Chen, 鄭晴元

Mermaid
A plain-text syntax for flowcharts that both machines and people can read

Heard in鄭晴元, 吳剛志

CrewAI and LangChain
Two frameworks for multi-agent and LLM application development

Heard inCaesar Chi

MCP Inspector
The official debugging tool for MCP servers

Heard in張文鈿

5. Retrieval, multimodality and data

RAG (retrieval-augmented generation)
Retrieve from a knowledge base before generating, so the model's answer has something behind it

Heard in黃仕鎮, 吳振和, Caesar Chi

Multimodal RAG
Retrieval over images and audio-visual material, not just text

Heard in吳振和

OCR and unconstrained-format recognition
Recognition accuracy on fixed formats can be made very high; unconstrained formats are the hard part

Heard in黃仕鎮

DLP (data loss prevention)
Masking sensitive information before anything is sent to an external model

Heard in黃仕鎮

Function calling and JSON mode
Two ways of making a model emit structured results a program can consume directly

Heard in吳剛志

6. Image and video creation

Dutch angle
Deliberately tilting the frame to create unease

Heard in陳志信

Reference-point technique
Marking with colour instead of directional words like left, right, front and back, to steer the model's generated motion

Heard in陳志信

Plate-based compositing
Keeping the lighting and environment of a live-action plate and replacing the person in frame

Heard in陳志信

Copy-move / splicing / retouching / cropping / blurring
The five traditional image manipulation techniques

Heard in李怡志

7. Information literacy and psychology

Source Monitoring Framework
The psychological framework for judging where a memory came from

Heard in李怡志

Heuristic versus systematic processing
The dual-process model of information handling; scrolling social feeds is mostly the former

Heard in李怡志

Knowledge gap effect
The more information there is, the easier the gap between the informed and the uninformed is to exploit

Heard in李怡志

Confirmation bias
Anything that fits your existing position gets believed

Heard in李怡志

8. Taiwan-local projects and products

This section covers names you cannot find in English-language material but will hear constantly in the Taiwanese community.

Taiwan LLM (Taiwan-LLaMa)
The Traditional Chinese large language model project developed by 林彥廷

Heard inGitHub

APMIC
The enterprise AI company founded by 吳柏翰, focused on customer-specific model fine-tuning and on-premises deployment

Heard inSite

GENIE
E.SUN Bank's in-house generative AI chat platform

Heard inSpeaker's own account, no external source

Smart meeting minutes service
E.SUN Bank's in-house meeting summary and action-item extraction service

Heard inSpeaker's own account, no external source

伸手牌
Simpleinfo's internally built Slack AI bot, triggered by an emoji reaction

Heard inSpeaker's own account, no external source

Cympack
The packaging design-to-manufacturing collaboration platform built by Caesar Chi's team

Heard inCympotek

Botsnova
The company founded by 劉詩雁, whose session covered AI adoption in daily-chemical printing

Heard inINSIDE interview

志祺七七
The YouTube channel run by Simpleinfo

Heard inChannel

五倍學院
The technical education brand co-founded by 高見龍

Heard inSite

AI Engineer newsletter
The generative AI engineering newsletter run by 張文鈿

Heard inihower.tw

9. Primary sources

ItemSource
The MCP specification and its primitivesModel Context Protocol documentation
Evaluation methodologyAnthropic: define success criteria and build evaluations
Eval-driven developmentihower: eval-driven development
Speaker and talk mappingAgenda

中文版